The short answer
Adjustment of status means you apply for the green card from inside the U.S. (Form I-485). Consular processing means you apply for an immigrant visa at a U.S. embassy abroad and get the green card when you enter. Which one you can use depends on where you are and your status.
What to know
- Adjustment: usually requires that you entered legally and have a way to stay while waiting. You may get work and travel permits while it is pending.
- Consular: you wait outside the U.S. for an interview, through the National Visa Center.
- Some people can only use one route.
- A mistake here can cause serious problems, so get advice for unusual cases.
For the exact rules, forms and fees, see USCIS.
Visa Status is an unofficial site. This is general information in plain words, not legal advice. Rules, fees and forms change, so check the official website and your own papers. Written October 2026.