Visa questions, in plain words

U.S. visa basics
  • Types of U.S. visas
  • U.S. visa eligibility requirements
  • How to apply for a U.S. visa
  • U.S. visa application fees
  • U.S. visa processing times
  • Documents required for a U.S. visa
  • DS-160 application guide
  • How to book a U.S. visa appointment
  • How to check U.S. visa application status
  • U.S. visa interview questions and answers
Tourist and business visas
  • B-1 versus B-2 visa
  • U.S. tourist visa requirements
  • Financial documents for a U.S. tourist visa
  • Invitation letter for a U.S. visitor visa
  • U.S. tourist visa interview preparation
  • U.S. visitor visa renewal
  • U.S. visa interview waiver eligibility
  • How to extend a U.S. visitor stay
  • U.S. tourist visa refusal under Section 214(b)
  • Reapplying after a U.S. visa denial
Student visas
  • F-1 student visa requirements
  • F-1 visa interview questions
  • Form I-20 requirements
  • How to pay the SEVIS fee
  • Financial proof for a U.S. student visa
  • F-1 visa renewal
  • F-1 student visa versus student status
  • F-1 student employment rules
  • F-2 dependent visa requirements
  • F-1 reinstatement after a status violation
Student employment and exchange visitors
  • Optional Practical Training eligibility
  • How to apply for OPT
  • STEM OPT extension requirements
  • Curricular Practical Training eligibility
  • CPT versus OPT
  • OPT unemployment limits
  • Traveling internationally while on OPT
  • F-1 to H-1B change of status
  • J-1 visa two-year home residency requirement
  • J-1 waiver application process
Work visas
  • H-1B visa eligibility
  • H-1B lottery registration process
  • H-1B cap-exempt employers
  • H-1B visa sponsorship jobs
  • H-1B employer transfer process
  • H-1B extension requirements
  • H-4 dependent visa requirements
  • H-4 employment authorization eligibility
  • L-1 visa requirements
  • O-1 visa requirements
Other employment and investment routes
  • O-1 visa evidence for researchers
  • O-1 visa versus EB-1A green card
  • TN visa eligibility
  • E-2 investor visa requirements
  • E-2 visa versus EB-5 green card
  • H-2A agricultural worker visa
  • H-2B temporary worker visa
  • U.S. visa options for nurses
  • U.S. visa options for PhD graduates
  • U.S. visa options for research scientists
Green card basics
  • How to get a U.S. green card
  • Green card eligibility categories
  • Green card application costs
  • Green card processing times
  • Adjustment of status versus consular processing
  • Form I-485 application guide
  • Green card medical examination requirements
  • Green card interview questions
  • How to check green card application status
  • Reasons for green card application denial
Employment-based green cards
  • EB-1A extraordinary ability requirements
  • EB-1B outstanding professor or researcher requirements
  • EB-1C multinational manager requirements
  • EB-2 advanced degree requirements
  • EB-2 National Interest Waiver requirements
  • EB-2 NIW evidence for PhD students
  • Publications and citations for EB-1A and NIW
  • EB-1A versus EB-2 NIW
  • EB-3 green card requirements
  • PERM labor certification process
Family-based green cards
  • Marriage-based green card requirements
  • Green card through a U.S. citizen spouse
  • Green card through a permanent resident spouse
  • Green card sponsorship for parents
  • Green card sponsorship for children
  • Green card sponsorship for siblings
  • K-1 fiancé visa requirements
  • CR-1 versus IR-1 spouse visa
  • Form I-864 Affidavit of Support requirements
  • Removing conditions on a marriage-based green card
Waiting times, travel, and permanent residence
  • Latest U.S. Visa Bulletin
  • How to understand green card priority dates
  • Visa Bulletin Dates for Filing versus Final Action Dates
  • Green card backlog by country
  • Diversity Visa lottery eligibility and application
  • Employment authorization while I-485 is pending
  • Advance parole travel requirements
  • Green card renewal and replacement
  • International travel and reentry permits for green card holders
  • U.S. citizenship eligibility after a green card

See all 100 questions →

More about this

  • Visitor appointment waits
  • Refusal rates
  • No slot? What to do
  • Start here

Unofficial site. Data from official U.S. government websites.

Visa issuance numbers, appointment wait times and the Visa Bulletin come from the U.S. Department of State (issuance reports, wait times, Visa Bulletin). Green card numbers come from the Department of Homeland Security (Office of Homeland Security Statistics). Issuance counts are not approval rates, and monthly figures are preliminary. This site is not legal or immigration advice and is not affiliated with the U.S. government.

Data through February 2026 · 108 months published since March 2017

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Start here › Visitor visa process

Tourist and business visa · B-1/B-2

B-1/B-2 visitor visa process: your 8-step guide

Tick items as you finish them. Your progress is saved on this device only.

  1. 1Right visa?
  2. 2Passport & photo
  3. 3DS-160 & fee
  4. 4Book interview
  5. 5Documents
  6. 6Interview
  7. 7Arrive
  8. 8During the trip

When to do what

A useful plan, not a government rule. Appointment waits can be long, so start early.

  1. 3–6 months beforeCheck ESTA or visa, passport and photo
  2. As soon as you decideDS-160 and the visa fee
  3. Right after the feeBook the interview
  4. 1–2 months beforePrepare your folder
  5. Interview dayAttend, and wait for the passport
  6. After the visaBook flights and a place to stay
  7. On arrival and afterBorder check, then follow the rules of your stay
1

Check that B-1/B-2 is the right route

Make sure a visitor visa fits your trip, or whether you can travel without a visa.

3–6 months before you travel

What the visa is for

B-2: visiting

Tourism, seeing family and friends, medical treatment, short courses that are just for fun.

B-1: short business

Meetings, conferences, contract talks, settling an estate. Not a job.

Not allowed

Working for a U.S. employer, studying for a degree, or living there. Those need a different visa.

Maybe you need no visa. Citizens of some countries can travel for short visits with an approved ESTA under the Visa Waiver Program. Check the official ESTA website first. If your country is not on the list, you need a visa.

Both B-1 and B-2 are normally issued together as one B-1/B-2 visa. The officer decides what you qualify for from your plans.

B-1 versus B-2 →Which visa do I need? →About B-1/B-2 →
2

Get your passport and photo ready

A valid passport and a photo that follows the rules.

3–6 months before

Renew an expiring passport before you apply, not after, so the visa goes in the new passport.

3

Complete the DS-160 and pay the fee

File the online visa form and pay the visa fee.

As soon as you decide to travel
DS-160 form

Fill it in on the official CEAC website. Save the application ID, review every answer and print the confirmation page with the barcode.

Visa fee

The visitor visa fee is currently listed at about $185. Some nationalities pay an extra fee. Pay only on the official site, and check for any new fees.

Have these ready for the form

Answer honestly. Wrong or missing answers can cause a refusal or a lifetime problem later. If someone helps you fill in the form, you are still responsible for every answer.

DS-160 guide →Visa fees →
4

Book your interview

Choose an embassy, find an appointment and watch out for fake sites.

After the fee, as early as you can

Watch out for fake sites. Only the official embassy site books appointments. Agents and websites that sell appointments, or promise approval, are not official, and the visa fee is paid only to the government.

Visitor visa waits →Shortest waits →No slot? What to do →Interview waiver rules →
5

Prepare your interview folder

Organize the papers that show who you are and why you will return home.

1–2 months before the interview

Always bring

Papers that show your ties to home

Papers that show the trip is paid for

Extra papers for some trips

You don't need non-refundable tickets or hotel bookings before the visa. Bring a clear folder, not a pile. The officer decides from your answers, and papers support them.

Documents for a visa →Financial documents →Invitation letter →
6

Attend the interview

Answer clearly and honestly, and know what each result means.

On your appointment day

Questions often asked

QuestionWhat to prepare
Why are you going to the U.S.?A clear, short purpose
How long will you stay, and where?Your dates and places
Who is paying?Yourself, an employer or a sponsor, with the proof
What do you do for work?Your job, employer and how long you have worked there
Do you have family in the U.S.?A true answer with their status
Have you traveled before?Your travel history, and any earlier U.S. visits
Why will you return home?Your job, family and plans at home

Be short and truthful. Interviews are often only a few minutes. Answer what you are asked, do not hand over papers unless asked, and never use false documents or hide an earlier refusal.

Why visitor visas are refused. Most refusals are under Section 214(b). It means the officer was not convinced you would go home after a short visit. It is not a ban, and you may apply again when your situation has changed, with new facts.

After the interview

Approved

Follow the passport-return instructions.

Extra checks

Called administrative processing. Follow the written instructions and wait.

Refused

Read the reason you were given. Reapply only if something real has changed.

Interview preparation →Refusal under 214(b) →Reapplying after a refusal →Refusal rates →
7

Check your visa and enter the U.S.

Check the visa, and pass the border check with your papers to hand.

Before and on arrival

When you get the passport back

The visa is not your permission to stay. The visa only lets you travel to the U.S. and ask to enter. The border officer decides if you are admitted and for how long. That is recorded on your I-94, which you can check on the official I-94 website.

Keep in your hand luggage

Declare all food and plants. See the arrival steps on the CBP visitors page.

8

Follow the rules during your visit

Stay within the rules so your next visit is easy.

While you are in the U.S.

Overstaying has serious results. Staying beyond your date can cancel your visa and can lead to long bans on returning. If something goes wrong, talk to an immigration attorney before the date passes.

Extend a visitor stay →Renew a visitor visa →

Three people decide, and you follow the rules

1. The embassydecides on your visa
2. The border officerdecides if you enter and for how long
3. Youkeep to the rules of the visit and leave on time

A visa does not guarantee entry, and your permission to stay is the date on your I-94.

Visa Status is an unofficial site. This is a general guide in plain words, not legal advice. Fees, forms and rules change, so check the official websites. Written October 2026.

Also see

Visitor visa questions →Refusal rates →Visitor appointment waits →Shortest waits →No slot? What to do →